{"id":979,"date":"2026-07-01T07:47:21","date_gmt":"2026-07-01T07:47:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.teartester.com\/?post_type=standard&#038;p=979"},"modified":"2026-07-01T08:11:26","modified_gmt":"2026-07-01T08:11:26","slug":"astm-d1922","status":"publish","type":"standard","link":"https:\/\/www.teartester.com\/el\/standard\/astm-d1922\/","title":{"rendered":"ASTM D1922"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u0391 <strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd 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\u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 <strong>\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 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\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0398\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0393\u03b9\u2019 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf-\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039f \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf <strong>Elmendorf Tear Tester<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c9\u03c2 <strong>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf Elmendorf<\/strong>, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf, \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 ASTM D1922<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf ASTM D1922;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ASTM D1922<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae\u03c2 Elmendorf \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 ASTM D1922<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 ASTM D1922 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf Elmendorf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03bf <strong>\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/strong> \u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf ASTM D1922 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c0\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ae \u03ae \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03cd\u03c8\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03c1\u03b7\u03be\u03b7.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u038c\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 Elmendorf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0397 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 Elmendorf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0397 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0397 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u039e\u03b5\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039b\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0391\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae \u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03c0\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf, \u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 LDPE<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 LLDPE<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 HDPE<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 BOPP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 CPP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 PET<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bd\u03ac\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c1\u03c1\u03af\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u039f \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf Elmendorf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03bf <strong>Elmendorf Tear Tester<\/strong> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 Elmendorf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ce\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0397 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf ASTM D1922.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ae.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac Elmendorf;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf Elmendorf<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03c1\u03ae\u03be\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c1\u03ae\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b5\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/th><th>\u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u03a7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae<\/td><td>\u0395\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1<\/td><td>\u0399\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc<\/td><td>\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc<\/td><td>\u0395\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0395\u03c5\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0392\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bc \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c5\u03c1\u03c1\u03af\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0391\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf ASTM D1922 \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0388\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf<\/th><th>\u0391\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>ASTM D1922<\/td><td>\u03a0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ASTM D1004<\/td><td>\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ISO 6383-2<\/td><td>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac Elmendorf<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>TAPPI T414<\/td><td>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ae<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ISO 1974<\/td><td>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 <strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf ASTM D1922<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf ISO 6383<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a8\u03b7\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039b\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u039b\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf Cell Instruments<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.teartester.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u672a\u6807\u9898-4.png\" alt=\"\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd\" class=\"wp-image-980\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.teartester.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u672a\u6807\u9898-4.png 600w, https:\/\/www.teartester.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u672a\u6807\u9898-4-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.teartester.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u672a\u6807\u9898-4-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.teartester.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u672a\u6807\u9898-4-12x12.png 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03bf Cell Instruments \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 <strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 <strong>ASTM D1922<\/strong>, ISO 6383 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b7 Cell Instruments \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ae, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd. \u039c\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 <strong>ASTM D1922<\/strong>, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 <strong>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf Elmendorf<\/strong>, \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong>, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator 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